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機會成本:魚與熊掌不可得兼

 
魚與熊掌不可兼得,往往是指不相同的兩件事不可同時做到,或兩個不相同的目的不可能同時達到,在兩者中只能選擇其一。

[出自]  
成語「魚與熊掌不可得兼」出自孟子《魚我所欲也》。

[原文]  
魚,我所欲也,熊掌,亦我所欲也;二者不可得兼,舍魚而取熊掌者也。生亦我所欲也,義亦我所欲也;二者不可得兼,舍生而取義者也。。。」

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胡蘿蔔加大棒(Carrot and Stick)

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrot_and_stick The " carrot and stick " approach (also "carrot or stick approach") is an  idiom  that refers to a policy of offering a combination of  rewards  and  punishment  to induce behavior. It is named in reference to a cart driver dangling a carrot in front of a mule and holding a stick behind it. The mule would move towards the carrot because it wants the reward of food, while also moving away from the stick behind it, since it does not want the punishment of pain, thus drawing the cart. The idiom is used in the field of  International Relations  to describe the  realist  concept of ' hard power '. The carrot can stand for tax cuts or other benefits, the stick can stand for the use of (psychological) violence and threats by the government. In modern usage, the idea has also come to be used in a related idiom, "the carrot or the stick." This refers to the process of weighing and/or...